Abstract 

This talk shows that waterflood recoveries in conventional heavy oil reservoirs are mainly driven by viscous and gravity forces. Always plot gravity vs. capillary numbers (Cinar, 2006); Capillary imbibition is an important factor as well but its magnitude has to be investigated further; High Sorw from the history match shows that contact angle hysteresis can be an important factor. Accounts for viscous fingering as per (Doorwar & Mohanty, 2017); A sand transport model is a useful tool to estimate the preferential locations and properties of a wormhole network. Limitations of the STM in STARS forces to use DP/DP formulation; Foamy oil effects could be modeled with a conventional solution-gas model; Polymer flood is a very efficient EOR process for heavy oil reservoirs; Viscous forces improve vertical sweep efficiency; VRR < 1.0 improves oil recovery due to lower BHP, higher injection rate, and fluid expansion (solution-gas/foamy oil effects); It is very important to obtain accurate adsorption values from the lab as RFs are very sensitive to this parameter.